{"id":10503,"date":"2023-09-02T20:42:08","date_gmt":"2023-09-02T18:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/?p=10503"},"modified":"2023-10-08T19:52:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-08T17:52:09","slug":"%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%81%d1%8b-%d0%b2-%d0%bf%d1%80%d1%8f%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b8-%d1%81-if-whether-and-wh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/10503","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0441 \u2018if\u2019, \u2018whether\u2019 and \u2018wh-\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Direct speech<\/td>\nReported speech<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
am\/is<\/td>\nwas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
are<\/td>\nwere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
have\/ has<\/td>\nhad<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
do\/ don’t<\/td>\ndid\/ didn’t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
want\/ wants<\/td>\nwanted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
didn’t do<\/td>\nhadn’t done<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
saw<\/td>\nhad seen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
have seen<\/td>\nhad seen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
was\/ were<\/td>\nhad been<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
will\/ won’t<\/td>\nwould\/ wouldn’t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
shall\/ shan’t<\/td>\nshould\/ shouldn’t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
can\/ can’t<\/td>\ncould\/ couldn’t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
may<\/td>\nmight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
had done*<\/td>\nhad done<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
would*<\/td>\nwould<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
could*<\/td>\ncould<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
should*<\/td>\nshould<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ought to*<\/td>\nought to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
might*<\/td>\nmight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
must*<\/td>\nhad to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* – \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
this<\/td>\nthat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
these<\/td>\nthose<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
here<\/td>\nthere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
now<\/td>\nthen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
yesterday<\/td>\nthe day before\/ the previous day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tomorrow<\/td>\nthe next day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
this (week)<\/td>\nthat (week)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
last month<\/td>\nthe month before<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
next year<\/td>\nthe previous month\/ the next<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435:
\n1. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e what<\/strong>\/when<\/strong>\/where<\/strong>\/why<\/strong> \u0438 \u0442.\u043f. , \u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432
\n\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 what<\/strong>\/when<\/strong>\/where<\/strong>\/why<\/strong> \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.
\nShe asked \u2018What is your name?\u2019 -> She asked what my name was.<\/em>
\n(\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430: \u201c\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442?\u201d -> \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0442.)<\/em>
\nHe asked \u2018Where do you live?\u2019 -> He asked where I lived.<\/em>
\n(\u041e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b: \u201c\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u044b \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0451\u0448\u044c?\u201d -> \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443.)<\/em>
\n2. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 what<\/strong>\/when<\/strong>\/where<\/strong>\/why<\/strong> \u0438 \u0442.\u043f., \u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f if<\/strong> \u0438\u043b\u0438 whether<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u201c\u043b\u0438<\/strong>\u201d \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435.
\nShe asked \u2018Are you married?\u2019 -> She asked if I was married.<\/em>
\n(\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430: \u201c\u0412\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b?\u201d -> \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u044f.)<\/em>
\nHe asked \u2018Is he in London?’-> He asked whether he was in London.<\/em>
\n(\u041e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b: \u00ab\u041e\u043d \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435?\u00bb -> \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b, \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, Direct speech Reported speech am\/is was are were have\/ has had do\/ don’t did\/ didn’t want\/ wants wanted didn’t do hadn’t done saw … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1227],"tags":[1257,1208,1226],"class_list":["post-10503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advanced-c1-c2","tag-c1","tag-question","tag-reportedspeech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10503","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10503"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10503\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11909,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10503\/revisions\/11909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10503"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10503"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10503"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}