{"id":6228,"date":"2019-07-29T22:29:34","date_gmt":"2019-07-29T20:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/?p=6228"},"modified":"2023-10-08T19:42:38","modified_gmt":"2023-10-08T17:42:38","slug":"clause-of-reason-cause-and-result","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/6228","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b (Clause of reason)"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b (<\/span>Clause of reason, cause and result<\/b>), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043e\u0432 <\/span>because<\/b>,<\/span> as <\/b>\u0438\u043b\u0438 <\/span>since<\/b> (\u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong>\u00bb, \u00ab\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a\u00bb<\/strong>).<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
As<\/b>
\n<\/b>Since<\/b>
\n<\/b>Because<\/b><\/td>\n		+ \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>
\n<\/span>(\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

As he was tired, he went to bed. (\u0422\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span>It happened because it was hot. (\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0436\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Since she wanted to go to Italy she took a holiday. (\u0422\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044e, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a.)<\/span><\/i><\/i><\/p>\n

\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c\u00a0 \u201c\u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430<\/strong>\u201d, \u201c\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435<\/strong>\u201d \u0438 \u0442.\u043f.:<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n
because of
\n<\/b>on account of\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/b>
\n<\/b>as a result of \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/b>
\n<\/b>as a consequence of <\/b>
\n<\/b>due to<\/b><\/td>\n		+ \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

It happened because of\u00a0 the rain. ( \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u044f.)
\n<\/span><\/i>The shop had closed early on account of the snow.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0 (\u041c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430.) <\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>As a result of the accident, she was out of work for a month.<\/span><\/i> (\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430.) \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>They lost a lot of money in consequence of some risky investments. (<\/span><\/i> \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433 \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0439.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Due mainly to changes in technology, clothes today are much cheaper. (<\/span><\/i>\u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0435.)<\/span><\/i><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
that\u2019s why \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/b>
\n<\/b>so
\ntherefore <\/b>
\n<\/b>consequently<\/b><\/td>\n		+ \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>
\n<\/span>(\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

It was hot, that\u2019s why it happened. (\u0411\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0436\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e, \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c.)\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>The acoustics are good, so every note is clear<\/span><\/i>. ( \u0410\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0430\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u043d\u0430.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>They were unable to get funding and therefore had to abandon the project.<\/span><\/i> (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>The company is trying to reduce its costs; consequently, staff who leave are not being replaced. (\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b; \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
The result <\/b>
\n<\/b>The effect <\/b>
\n<\/b>The consequence<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n		(be)\u00a0 that<\/span><\/td>\n+ \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>
\n<\/span>(\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The result was that she failed. (\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d.).<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>The effect was that training had to be rescheduled or cancelled. (\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>The effect of this was that the cinema lost its audience. (\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>The consequence was that families lost their homes. (\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u00a0 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430.)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n
caused it to<\/b> V<\/b>
\n<\/b>made it V<\/b>
\n<\/span>led to it Ving<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The heat caused it to happen. (\u0416\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>She had a dream and she made it happen. (\u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0451 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>This led to it happening.(\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e.)
\n<\/span><\/i>He did it so that it would happen. (\u041e\u043d \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c.)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b (Clause of reason, cause and result), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043e\u0432 because, as \u0438\u043b\u0438 since (\u00ab\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e\u00bb, \u00ab\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a\u00bb). As Since Because + \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438 … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1227],"tags":[1257,1230],"class_list":["post-6228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-advanced-c1-c2","tag-c1","tag-relativeclause"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6228"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10454,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6228\/revisions\/10454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}