{"id":7270,"date":"2019-12-13T02:16:53","date_gmt":"2019-12-13T00:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/?p=7270"},"modified":"2023-10-05T15:16:35","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T13:16:35","slug":"non-defining-relative-clauses-with-who-which-and-whose-as-subject-and-object","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/archives\/7270","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 who, which \u0438 whose"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u041d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <\/b>(<\/span>Non-Defining Relative Clause)<\/b> \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u0412 <\/span>\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <\/span>that\u00a0 <\/b>\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b<\/span> who, whom <\/b>\u0438 <\/span>\u00a0which<\/b>.<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u0412 <\/span>\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (<\/span>Non-Defining Relative Clause<\/b>) \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span> who, whom, which, whose<\/b> \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/span>
\n<\/span>The picture, which he painted, has been sold for \u00a31,000,000. (\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u00a3 1 000 000.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>who<\/b> \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c (subject pronoun), \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c (object pronoun).<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/i>The robber, who escaped from prison last week, has been recaptured. (\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0441\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u044e\u0440\u044c\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0439\u043c\u0430\u043d.)\u00a0 <\/span><\/i>(subject pronoun)<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/i>The girl, who police have been looking for since last Monday, has been found safe and well. (\u0414\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.)<\/span><\/i>(object pronoun)<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span> whose<\/b> \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/span>
\n<\/span>The skater, whose leg was injured in last year\u2019s competition, will come back soon. (\u0424\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0447\u044c\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.)<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>\u041e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>w<\/b>hich<\/b> \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c (subject pronoun), \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c (object pronoun).<\/span>
\n<\/span>A new block of flats, which cost \u00a310 million, is going to be built.(\u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e 10 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c.) <\/span><\/i>(subject pronoun)<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/i>I lent him some money, which he spent immediately. (\u042f \u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b.) <\/span><\/i>(object pronoun)<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>\u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span>which <\/b>\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span>, <\/b>\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0435.<\/span>
\n<\/span>He gave her a diamond ring, which was very beautiful. (\u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435\u00a0 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0435.)<\/span><\/i> \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 <\/span>which<\/b> \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a<\/span> \u2018<\/i><\/b>ring\u2019<\/b>.<\/i><\/b>
\n<\/i><\/b>
\n<\/i><\/b>Which<\/b> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f,\u00a0 \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/span>
\n<\/span>He gave her a diamond ring, which was amazing! (\u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u043e \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e!)
\n<\/span><\/i>\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 <\/span>which<\/b> \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\u00a0<\/span>
\n<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (Non-Defining Relative Clause) \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f that\u00a0 \u0432 … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1214],"tags":[1255,1230],"class_list":["post-7270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-intermediate-b1-b2","tag-b2","tag-relativeclause"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7270"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9672,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7270\/revisions\/9672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zinaida-english.mamchenkov.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}